I have never heard that exact statement in the bible, BUT... The notion of strength through adversity is mentioned more than once. For instance, the apostle Paul in (Romans 5:3) "And not only that, but let us exult while in tribulations, since we know that tribulation produces endurance". The apostle Peter, in (1 Peter 1:7) "in order that the tested quality of YOUR faith, of much greater value than gold that perishes despite its being proved by fire, may be found a cause for praise and glory and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ."
last but not least in (James 1:2-3) "Consider it all joy, my brothers, when YOU meet with various trials, 3 knowing as YOU do that this tested quality of YOUR faith works out endurance." all found in the (NW) translation of the bible.
(I'm sure this will stir -up the masses, but HEY! Isn't that what philosophy is about! Lol) philosophers have taken "most" of their good ideas or saying from the bible.
last but not least in (James 1:2-3) "Consider it all joy, my brothers, when YOU meet with various trials, 3 knowing as YOU do that this tested quality of YOUR faith works out endurance." all found in the (NW) translation of the bible.
(I'm sure this will stir -up the masses, but HEY! Isn't that what philosophy is about! Lol) philosophers have taken "most" of their good ideas or saying from the bible.